Thursday, August 27, 2020

The Grapes of Wrath

The film â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† I observed as of late is the exemplary adjustment of John Steinbeck’s tale composed and distributed in 1939 just a single year before the film was discharged. At the point when the film creation was affirmed the chief John Ford and his team had the option to achieve a significant undertaking and finish the venture without engaging in the contention with worker's organizations what was significant since numerous individuals from the group had a place with them. The content which depends on Steinbeck’s book received a quite certain vernacular, the language verbally expressed by the residents living in provincial Oklahoma so the credibility impression was protected. The film presents the hours of the Great Depression in the American Mid West and West drifts. This was an intense time of American history that got the generally exact documentation and John Ford’s film shows us impeccably the experience of numerous individuals those days †ranchers and their families, wanderers and strikers. For some Americans who viewed the film in the performance centers in the large urban areas it was difficult to discover how hard and upsetting it was for the individuals living in the nation to be constrained out of the terrains they were taking a shot at. Here the chief acquaints us with the group of poor ranchers from Oklahoma Dust Bowl and their battling during the intense occasions of the monetary emergency. While viewing the film I watched the difference between the agents of the lower class and the rich landowners who exploit the shocking conditions. From the occasions introduced I’ve discovered that the monetary emergency and the propelling innovation which was utilized to cultivate the land were answerable for intense and outrageous changes which were forced on a huge number of individuals without wanting to. All the farmers’ families which for some, ages made the living out of their ranches in the brief timeframe got the notices requesting to move out and forsake the properties which they were dwelling at. Clearly it was not their decision and the choice was made for their sake without giving them the elective chances. The fundamental characters in the film are the individuals from Joad’s family who are not just managing the issues within their family yet in addition with the premise of their reality which is jeopardized. Those destitute individuals see very well that when battling all the chances the main arrangement is to remain together and depend on one another and when confronting the upsetting reality they choose to stay as a family while entering the new part of their lives. So as to discover an answer for their issues Joad’s family chooses to set out on the excursion to California. They have high expectations and solid convictions that on the off chance that they will arrive, their circumstance will change for better, they will have the option to secure positions and subsequently will settle in their new home. While in transit to their goal they experience numerous surprising occasions which they need to manage as they show up. They free two individuals from their family and keeping in mind that remaining at the camps for the comparable vagrants they find out about the pitiful reality which was anticipating them. It created the impression that all the data they have been given before they left Oklahoma were not actually obvious and the land proprietors were attempting to gain benefits by utilizing the uncalled for work rehearses. Being completely mindful of the urgent conditions the proprietors of the huge homesteads extend to low wages employment opportunities and adventure each one of those recruited to take a shot at their territories. The new comers were not invited and rewarded with exceptionally dubious habits. The neighborhood inhabitants who feared losing their own wellspring of pay were acting threatening and transparently exhibited their resistance. Individuals like Joad’s family while compelled to remain in the camps and anticipating the potential work were treated by nearby specialists like difficulty creators. Every one of the individuals who attempted to support their privileges were viewed as troublesome and wrongly blamed for inconvenience causing. Rich and well off class delegates were essentially abusing the influence of the nearby experts so as to secure their own advantage and increment the likely benefits. Whoever was daring enough to differ with those sorts of strategies was considered as a danger and drove out or needed to confront the abuse and misuse. While larger part of relocating families were exposed to the difficulty and consistent battling, the more modest number of this gathering were sufficiently fortunate to locate the brief facilities gave by the Federal specialists as a type of social help during the financial downturn. When they had the option to arrive at such offices they were offered better than average and sensible lodging with the essential sterile establishments. The life in those spots was sorted out by the standards which campers could set up so all the occupants were treated with deference and there was no resistance for any type of misuse. Anyway a portion of the nearby land proprietors didn't care for the circumstance and were attempting to attack the camp. Regularly those legislature oversaw offices were exposed to the sorted out endeavors of deliberately started unsettling influences which will give the contentions to the nearby specialists to act while â€Å"preserving law and order†. It ought to be seen that even extreme it was not the director’s expectation the conditions appeared and the type of the board in those camps prevailing with regards to working up the notoriety of the Government and aided in perceiving endeavors coordinated towards persistent improvement during the emergency. The fair strategies which were giving all the occupants the option to secure their status were effectively keeping up the settled life while remaining inside the outskirts of the camp. Indeed, even the police specialists were not permitted to enter without the warrant. Numerous occupants immediately acknowledged how delicate and significant it is for them to keep forestalling the built up request in the camp so they could compose the arrangement of the comities which were administering all the key parts of consistently day to day environments. Under those conditions enduring the troublesome occasions until the business openings show up was significantly more satisfactory and assisted with building the trust in the better future. The film certainly demonstrates that individuals while confronting significant troubles have a lot higher odds of winning in the event that they help one another and remain together as opposed to opposing and battling those issues just all alone. Indeed, even the most grounded and most decided endeavors to oppose and battling the truth by one single individual won't keep going long and toward the end won't be viewed as effective. The Joad’s family demonstrated to themselves that together they can figure out how to endure and utilize the troubles which they experienced as the learning experience. By utilizing the blend of astuteness and savvy presumptions along with positive attitude and legitimate expectations they had the option to help each other during the time spent the choices making. As we as a whole currently experience the bothers and worry about the concern of battling economy, while viewing the film we can relate in some specific manner to the introduced story. We are completely mindful that shockingly seventy years after the fact there are numerous Americans who do need to discover answers to determine their issues and respond to the uncommon changes which the economy forced on them. As Casy, the previous evangelist impeccably sums up his view when playing out the memorial service ceremonies by saying: â€Å"I wouldn’t implore only for an elderly person that’s dead, ‘cause he’s OK. If I somehow managed to implore, I’d appeal to God for people that’s alive and don’t know what direction to turn†. The way that the American Academy of Motion Pictures assigned John Ford’s film was one reason why even the President of the USA Franklin D. Roosevelt was available there and gave the discourse which comprised of remarks with respect to the film interesting character. For somebody like me whose information on the United States current history isn't so profound I found the film as being very teaching and introducing Americans’ lives during the Great Depression from an alternate point of view. Contrasting with the ongoing creation, the â€Å"Cinderella Man† I discovered very scarcely any likenesses and issues which were especially significant anyway the chief John Ford isn't attempting to make a fantasy however rather is uncovering the clouded side in which both the principles of economy and human instinct rival each other in the most significant battle as the main conceivable method of getting by without loosing the human qualities such a poise and pride. We can say that the primary characters, their connections and conduct regardless of whether began from the common impulses of individuals gradually however consistent helped them to developed the opposition and inevitably made them more grounded than they were ever previously. Much the same as Russell Crowe in the â€Å"Cinderella Man† was given another opportunity and didn't squander it however prevailing in his excursion to the triumph on the boxing ring, Joad’s family under the profound authority of Tom’s mother gladly developed out all things considered and stayed dependable about anticipating them much better future. As I would see it the historical backdrop of this nation showed us an entirely significant exercise which demonstrated that even the Great Depression couldn't devastate the solid American soul and demoralize individuals from utilizing their abilities and joined endeavors to help each other in the critical crossroads. Individuals need to accept that the intense occasions will end and they will have the option to appreciate living once more. Nothing propels individuals deprived to make a move and take part in many long haul endeavors better than having expectation and confidence that the better future is in their grasp, that nothing else can assist them with bettering than their own assurance.

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Inequality in British Schools Essay Example for Free

Disparity in British Schools Essay The instructive framework is one of the most persuasive foundations in the public eye as it furnishes youngsters with a tremendous measure of information, mentalities and abilities. These are gained officially through set exercises or casually through the ‘hidden curriculum’ which gives the informal and spontaneous outcomes of school understanding. Social Inequality is one of the significant distractions of human science. The connection among imbalance and training has been read for a long time. Despite the fact that it appears glaringly evident that instructive achievement is just down to an individual’s capacities and inspiration, sociological research shows that the imbalances in social class, sexual orientation and race and ethnicity have had a gigantic impact in the differential accomplishment inside British tutoring. The improvement of the instructive framework in Britain was first set up to make sure about equivalent instructive open doors for every single youngsters, anyway in spite of these endeavors, sociological proof expresses that not all kids with a similar capacity make a similar progress. A few sociologists, for example, Charles Murray have fought with the possibility that hereditary scholarly potential decides an individual’s execution in school. This thought is dismissed by the contention theorist’s as they accept social class to be one of the fundamental factors that decide if a youngster is fruitful at school or not, as there are significant contrasts between the degrees of accomplishment of those that are a piece of the working social class and those separated of the white collar class. (Macionis. J, Plummer.K, 2008) One of the principle clarifications for this is material hardship. Average workers families are monetarily in a more awful situation than those of the white collar class and in this manner can't benefit as much as possible from their instructive chances. As they are living in more unfortunate lodging conditions they might not have the space at home to have the option to finish their homework with full focus. The absence of budgetary finances implies that numerous families won't have the option to give their kids the necessities expected to completely create inside instruction, for instance a family unit PC, athletic gear, or even cash for school trips. It might be monetarily hard for guardians on a low salary to help their kids in advanced education too. Despite the fact that understudy awards have been set up, numerous youngsters maintain a strategic distance from advanced education as they stress over the obligation or travel costs. It likewise almost certain for those from a working classâ background to oversee instruction with low maintenance work, for example, paper adjusts or shop work, this can cause struggle between the measure of time accessible for work and the measure of time spent on considering. (Browne. K, 2005) Research recommends that it isn't just factors outside of the school that can impact accomplishment; there are likewise factors inside the school that affect a child’s instructive encounters. Educators have been known to consider things, for example, a child’s standard of conduct, dress, discourse and their social class and foundation and this reflects how instructors treat specific people inside the study hall. Educators are frequently part of the white collar class and the kids that share similar qualities and principles are probably going to be viewed as ‘brighter’ than those with regular workers esteems. The regular workers have an alternate spotlight on their qualities, perspectives and their way of life in the public arena. This frequently functions as an obstruction to the accomplishment of the common laborers. The fault for underachievement is regularly engaged toward the family and network. These material and social conditions put common laborers kids off guard with regards to accomplishment in schools. Huge numbers of these components, which have no connection to natural potential, have added to the instructive class isolate in Britain. Humanist Robert.K.Merton was credited for the term ‘self-satisfying prophecy’ which centers around a teacher’s mentality towards a student, for instance if an understudy is named as brilliant and is energized and lauded by the educator, the kid will feel fearless and will take a stab at progress. Then again if the educator marks a student as ‘un co-operative’ or from a ‘poor’ foundation, this can cause low confidence and the understudy will probably neglect to make a lot of progress. The Neo Marxist’s point of view on class separation in Britain guarantees that schools make a ‘false class consciousness’ so it appears that they advance equivalent open doors for all, yet they truly duplicate an entrepreneur division of work, getting ready youngsters for class-decided professions in the work showcase. Willis (1977) acknowledges the Marxist’s see on instruction being firmly connected to the necessities of the capitalist’s framework; anyway he doesn't concur with the possibility of there being an immediate connection among training and the economy. (Macionis. J, Plummer.K, 2008) His investigation found that â€Å"poorer kids regularly experience childhood in conditions where individuals see little any expectation of upward social versatility and agitator against the framework as opposed to attempting toâ conform with in. In such a situation grown-ups frequently debilitate instead of energize accomplishment at school.† (Macioni s. J, Plummer.K, 2008) Social class isn't the main imbalance in Britain’s tutoring. Sociologists have additionally discovered a connection among sexual orientation and scholastic achievement. Until the late 1980’s there was high worry about the underachievement of young ladies. Social orders had been organized to consider tutoring more significant for guys than for females. In spite of the fact that the hole in sexual orientation imbalance has limited in Britain, numerous ladies despite everything concentrate generally ladylike subjects, for example, writing while men are bound to consider subjects that are believed to be increasingly manly like designing. (Macionis. J, Plummer.K, 2008) Sue Sharpe in a 1976 overview called ‘just like a girl’ found that the needs of little youngsters were ‘love, marriage, spouses, kids and afterward employments and vocations, pretty much in that order’. At the point when she rehashed her exploration in 1994, she found that the request had changed to ‘having a vocation, profession and having the option to help themselves before having a family.’ (Browne. K, 2005) Weiner (1995) has contended that educators have all the more mightily tested generalizations since the 1980’s and misogynist pictures have been expelled from learning materials, which could be the purpose behind the p rogressions in girl’s mentalities towards their own training. The expansion in motivators for young ladies to pick up capabilities has been because of various reasons, one of them being the women’s development that figured out how to accomplish a lot of achievement in testing conventional generalizations for women’s jobs in the public eye. Numerous ladies currently look past customary jobs, for example, housewives and moms and are propelled to pick up autonomy and to do well in their professions. Ladies on normal buckle down during their time at school and are progressively persuaded to progress admirably. They put more exertion into their introduction as they surrender more opportunity to accomplish their school work. (Browne. K, 2005) It is evident that there have been significant changes in the sex impression of young ladies in Britain’s schools and the imbalances among guys and females has gotten less and less. Albeit certain conventional sexual orientation observations exist through subject decision, females currently have increasingly equivalent chances to pick up information inside the study hall and make progress. Anyway in cutting edge society the tables have now turned and there has been an unexpected ‘moral panic’ over the underachievement of young men. (Weiner, Arnot and David 1997) Swann (1992) found that young men commanded class conversation by regularly acting improperly and intruding, though girlsâ are known to have a progressively laid back demeanor inside the homeroom and are applauded for their capacities to tune in and co-work, which prompts the instructor having an increasingly positive view to young ladies inside the class, assisting with creating the ‘self-satisfying prophecy’ of young ladies more noteworthy accomplishment levels. (Holborn.M and Langley.P, 2002) Mitsos and Browne acknowledge that young men are under-accomplishing and recommend that it is on the grounds that men are socially urged to seem macho and extreme in the public arena and these kinds of practices occur inside the study hall and divert from learning. They likewise accept that the decrease in manual work may bring about the regular workers young men losing inspiration as it is getting increasingly hard to secure positions. In spite of the fact that these reasons appear to be legitimate, sociologists accept that more research must be done inside this territory. (Holborn.M and Langley.P, 2002) More ongoing investigations on instruction and sexual orientation have left away from the straightforward ‘differential achievement’ and now consider significantly more procedures inside schools. The dynamic job of the understudy apparently creates sex connections and the manner by which kids structure thoughts on characters supposedly has a greater effect. We have talk ed about social class and sexual orientation disparities inside Britain’s schools; anyway we are still to investigate ethnicity and race and the impacts this has on differential accomplishment inside schools. Numerous kids from ethnic minority foundations tend to not work out quite as well as different individuals from the populace with regards to instruction. Like the common laborers issues as greater part of ethnic minority bunches are a piece of the average workers they face a progression of weaknesses in social conditions, for example, poor lodging conditions and higher paces of joblessness inside their home, which can cause a burden in the odds of achievement. (Macionis. J, Plummer.K, 2008) Ethnic minorities are additionally off guard in school as they regularly experience the ill effects of separation or bigotry from different students or are even victimized

Friday, August 21, 2020

CA Example - An Essential Tool For Your Calculus Exams

CA Example - An Essential Tool For Your Calculus ExamsCausal analysis essay samples are highly important if you're going to be doing a Calculus exams. If you're also preparing for a Calculus test then I hope you'll be able to have a deeper understanding of what it is all about and how you can utilize it.What is Calculus? Calculus is a very difficult subject for students who are doing Calculus exam. The main goal of Calculus exam is to get the better score so that they will be able to pass their Calculus exam. Students do a lot of preparation for Calculus exam but often forget that they need to do Calculus Exams with the help of study materials like Calculus Exam Samples and Calculus Exam Assistance.In this short article, I'm going to explain more about the common Calculus Essay Sample and what it can do for you. Calculus Exam Samples are one of the most valuable resources that will help you answer questions. They will also be very helpful if you're going to try to focus on the most i mportant part of the Calculus Exam -the Calculus Exam Analysis section. This section is of great importance for any students to prepare themselves well and it's not really difficult to do it in the first place.The CA Examples is a great tool in the analysis section of your Calculus exam and if you want to focus on the details, then these essay samples will be a great help. They can easily help you to analyze the topics well and will give you an idea on how to proceed or how to achieve a desired result. Some of the topics included in CA Examples include course properties, linear equations, partial differential equations, partial differentiation equations, partial differential equations for integral, and numerical integration.As an example, I'm going to discuss how you can use the CA Examples for a Causal Analysis Essay. This will enable you to understand your Calculus Exam Samplebetter.First, I want to discuss some of the sections of CA Examples that can help you understand the CA Ex am better. One of these sections includes Linear Equations and Partial Differentiation Equations. These are really important sections of the CA Essay. Many students who don't get enough time to learn about the methods and concepts of Calculus has problems when it comes to solving Linear Equations and Partial Differential Equations. In CA Examples, you can study about the methods used by various solutions and you will be able to create your own.Second, the CA Exam sample includes Sections for Partial Differentiation Equations for Integral and Partial Differentiation Equations for Differential. The content of these topics is highly dependent on the class level, and many students tend to neglect them when it comes to getting their Calculus exam results. That's why CA examples are really good for helping you understand what is this about. If you are going to fail on the CA Exam, I suggest you to get some practice studying for it by analyzing the CA Essay Sample topics and by practicing those methods on your own.So those are the CA Examples that can help you understand the Causal Analysis of Calculus better. I hope that this article helped you a lot. Good luck with your Calculus exam!

Monday, May 25, 2020

Autism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) - 1535 Words

How Autism Influences the Interactions with Others There is a little boy that gets up every morning and goes to school. He goes home to his parents after school each day. He eats, sleeps, and plays just like any other child. There is one difference. He sees the world in a unique way than most other children not affected by Autism Spectrum Disorder. The boy’s life and actions are a bit different and can be challenging for him. He needs understanding parents, family members, and teachers. Autism Spectrum Disorder can be a challenge for the little boy as well as those he interacts with in everyday life. A disorder that affects almost everyone, in one sense or another, is Autism. Autism may not affect everyone in the same sense, but affects†¦show more content†¦There have been many different methods that have been used in day to day education of autistic children that have been proven to work in certain cases. Social interaction can be extremely difficult for an autistic child. Simple tasks such as eye contact or sharing a toy may be a struggle. Autism NI has helpful tools on its website to help the social interaction process easier to develop. Better eye contact, helping take turns, and encouraging interaction with other children are some of their main points. There are many other details and steps to go along with these points in order for the interaction process to flow smoothly. Autism Spectrum Disorder is not universally the same when it comes to the symptoms. The symptoms or effects of autism depend on the severity of the disorder and can also differ from person to person. For example, non-verbal autism is at such a stage in which the child cannot communicate or express himself or herself vocally. In this case, some learn sign language to communicate basic needs or wants. Non-verbal autism could be considered a more stressful condition due to lack of communication between parent and child or educator and child. Parents as well as teachers must know or learn to sign and help teach the child to sign as well in order to set a basis of communication. Children affected by verbal autism can express their needs vocally. Unlike non-verbal autism, theShow MoreRelatedAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1722 Words   |  7 Pagesin every sixty-eight births are diagnosed with the Autism spectrum disorder in other words (ASD), which is about one percent of the worldâ€⠄¢s population. And that more than three point five million people in America live with a person who has the Autism spectrum disorder. We all know that Autism is a spectrum disorder in which an abnormality is developed in the brain. It is a long life condition that has no cure for itself. People who have Autism face many difficulties in their communication and theirRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1441 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a hereditary neurodevelopmental disorder. Like many other psychological disorders, it is commonly misunderstood in popular culture. Many allude to it casually, often equating it with crippling social awkwardness and disability when it is in fact a spectrum disorder with many degrees of severity. It is somewhat of an enigma within the scientific community as well; there are many things we do not know about ASD and there is ongoing research to learn moreRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1444 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Dustin S. Staats University of Central Oklahoma â€Å"Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) formerly known as just Autism, is a disorder that affects about 1 in 68 children here in the United States.† (Facts about ASD) This is a pretty high prevalence and the number is continuing to rise. â€Å"Autism is a developmental disability that can cause significant impairments in behavioral, communication, and social aspects of everyday life.†(Facts about ASD). The intellectual functioning ofRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1569 Words   |  7 Pagesdiagnoses for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occur has seen a dramatic growth in numbers. With diagnoses for ASD increasing, more siblings are also being found to have grown up with a sister or brother with autism spectrum disorder. Previous studies have shown no consensus on whether or not siblings of persons with ASD are at risk for negative effects. However, patterns of anxiety among these siblings are being examined to see if characteristics of a child with autism spectrum disorder and their parentsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1369 Words   |  6 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Introduction I don t think people understand how unique children with Autism are or the demands of caring for a child with Autism is. In order to grasp the effect of this disability has on a child or their family it is important to understand the characteristics of a child living with Autism. So for you to understand I will be talking about Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) or Autism in a childs life. I will be talking about what autism is, the history and descriptionRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1587 Words   |  7 Pages Topic: Autism Spectrum Disorder  (ASD) Purpose: My audience will learn the importance of recognizing early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children. Thesis: It is important to understand the early signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder, and why early intervention is the best treatment. Introduction: Gain/maintain attention There is a television show I like to watch called â€Å"The Big Bang Theory, maybe some of you have seen it. This show focuses on the relationships between a group of friends, someRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay1168 Words   |  5 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder, as defined by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders, refers to a group of complex neurodevelopment disorders characterized by repetitive and characteristic patterns of behavior and difficulties with social communication and interaction (ninds.nih.gov). Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a very complex developmental disorder and the term ‘spectrum’ was added to the original term simply known as ‘Autism’ due to the wide range of symptoms associated with the disorderRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1852 Words   |  8 PagesThe following paper is going to cover the topic of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Using research and data collected from various authors and journalists the paper will describe the different variations of autism and discuss the impact autism has on a person- in society, at home, in the classroom, and in their careers. Beginning at infancy, autism has a major impact on not just the child but their family’s life as well. The child’s lack of ability to interpret social cues, gestures, and expressionsRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd ) Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesAutism Spectrum Disorder Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a range of conditions grouped under the neurodevelopmental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) published in 2013 (Kress Paylo, 2015). Those who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder must present two types of symptoms: 1) Deficits in social communication and social interaction and 2) Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests or activities (APA, 2013). The DSM-5 merged all autismRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1285 Words   |  6 PagesIntroductions: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined as a lifelong developmental condition that affects, among other things, the way an individual relates to his or environment and their interaction with other people. The word ‘spectrum’ is the description of a range of difficulties that people with autism may experience and the degree to which they may be affected. Not everyone with autism have an accompanying learning disability and require continued specialist support because some people with

Friday, May 15, 2020

The Invention Of An Innocent Device - 1071 Words

An innocent device that started out just a decade ago as a simple entertainment gadget, the camera phone has evolved into one of the most widely used item into the daily lives of all the people of the world over. It is hard to imagine our daily activities that do not involve the use of the camera on the back of the cellphone, a far cry from what its inventors had first envisioned it was going to do. Together with social media, the outgrowth of common people reporting events of their daily lives has become a major source of news and information with no sign of stopping. Today it’s hardly a secret that all news sources big or small depend on this camera wielding citizen as a major source of information. Top news outlets rely on these citizens journalists with their armature pictures and videos in their breaking news section for any events around the world. Like their saying goes, â€Å"A picture is worth a thousand words†, today these first pictures and videos have become their bread and butter and news agency compete against each other to be the first one to air it. It is inevitable that as camera phone devices become cheaper and wide spread, local people at the scene of any incident pulling out their phone and take pictures and videos for whatever the reason is only going to increase. Thus the question of whether it is safe for people taking the pictures put them at risk and possibly put others at danger that may result in loss of life is of a serious concern. Also, competingShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of The Telephone837 Words   |  4 Pages Autumn Zavala Ms. Covington Period 5 May 2, 2017 The Invention of the Telephone Since the beginning of time, man has refined communication using various techniques expressing his thoughts and ideas. Man utilized many diverse ways corresponding with others case in point, painting on cave walls, smoke signals, beating on drums and â€Å"talking wires† (the name American Indians gave to the overhead wires on poles used during the 1800’s, commonly known as â€Å"telegraph†). (Chief SeattleRead MoreSmartphones And Its Impact On Society1183 Words   |  5 Pagesthought was ever possible. New inventions have impacted our lives so dramatically, that most people cannot imagine a life with the comfort of technology. One of the most groundbreaking inventions is the smartphone, now being able to communicate with anyone across the world, access the internet on the go, and utilize a plethora of apps. The ability to access an unlimited amount of information on a handheld device is truly incredible. However, every improvement or invention comes with un seen consequencesRead MoreMarine Chronometer and Longitude Essays889 Words   |  4 Pagesresolve. The principal inspiration behind the invention completed in this book is that many sailors were lost at seas as a result of their ignorance regarding longitude. So, without the competence to determine longitude, many innocent lives were disintegrated at seas. England#8217;s Parliament was desperate for an answer to this problem. So, in 1714 England#8217;s Parliament offered 20,000 pounds to anyone who invented a method or a device for measuring longitude and then proved successfulRead More Longitude Essay840 Words   |  4 Pagesprincipal inspiration behind the invention completed in this book is that many sailors were lost at seas as a result of their ignorance regarding longitude. So, without the competence to determine longitude, many innocent lives were disintegrated at seas. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Englandamp;#8217;s Parliament was desperate for an answer to this problem. So, in 1714 Englandamp;#8217;s Parliament offered 20,000 pounds to anyone who invented a method or a device for measuring longitude and thenRead MoreThomas Edison: Inventor or Patent Thief?1631 Words   |  7 PagesThomas Edison: Inventor or Patent Thief? Most inventions are created from a multitude of ideas and a number of men, and one man simply cannot be credited for the inventions such as the phonograph, the kinetoscope, or the light bulb. Unfortunately, it is usually the corrupt businessman who exploits such creations and claims them as his own who receives the lion’s share. Thomas Alva Edison was an ideal example of such a person. Edison hardly played any role in the actual production of anything revolutionaryRead More Technology and Science Unite: Solving Crimes Essay984 Words   |  4 Pagesfingerprints. AFIS has since been updated and upgraded to the level that now interdepartmental submissions are possible due to computerized searches of the fingerprint databases. The searches can be performed via live scans or through card scan devices. In short time this gave way to better technology in 1999 when the FBI now hold the national database, but the system itself has become integrated. Among the upgraded components came the paper-less submission, storage techniques and search capabilitiesRead MoreThe Consequences Of Cloning In Frankenstein By Mary Shelley1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe invention of cloning, both a blessing and a curse, can possibly enable humanity to reach eternal life. An invention is the creation of a device developed after a study or an experiment, in the hopes of benefiting society. The novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley is about an inventor, Victor Frankenstein, who creates life that he later rejects. His invention results in consequences for both himself and his c reation. Both cloning and the creation of the monster was made to benefit and advance society’sRead More Colonialism and Morality in The Moonstone and The Man Who Would Be King1243 Words   |  5 Pagesthe means by which a being exerts powers and no such object consciously exerts powers itself. Notions of the cursed or powerful jewel can be seen as a bi-product of what Said terms â€Å"Orientalism.† Said describes â€Å"The Orient† as â€Å"almost a European invention,† a place of â€Å"exotic beings and remarkable experiences.† (Ashcroft et al ed. p.87) This hypothesis adequately compliments Wilkie Collins’ characterisation of the eponymous jewel in The Moonstone and the moral pattern the author forms around its adventuresRead MoreEssay1735 Words   |  7 Pagessacrifice and admiration, but using innocent mentally challenged children seem appalling and inhumane. Furthermore, these children are living life without the euphoria of life itse lf, and using them in medical trails would equally signifies that we, as civilized people, ignore the fact that these mentally challenged children deserve to be treated equally as humans. Researchers and scientists in the early 1700s to 1900s used human body parts as testing devices for their new medical breakthroughsRead MoreEssay On Science For Children1689 Words   |  7 Pagessacrifice and admiration, but using innocent mentally challenged children seem appalling and inhumane. Furthermore, these children are living live without the euphoria of life itself, and using them in medical trails would equally signifies that we, as civilized people, ignore the fact that these mentally challenged children deserve to be treated equally as humans. Researchers and scientists in the early 1700s to 1900s used human body parts as testing devices for their new medical breakthroughs

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Ethics Essay - 2054 Words

Our case study discusses the rise and fall of one of the largest telecommunications corporations in the world, Nortel Networks Corporation. Nortel was one of the many early 21st century telecommunications companies that failed due to upper echelon management, a dysfunctional board of directors, inflated costs and earnings, and a smoke and mirrors illusion of stability. There were many avenues that could have been taken that would have prevented the demise and fall of the organization, but those roads were not traveled. Many argue that government intervention could have prevented the backlash and whitewater effect of Nortel’s bankruptcy, but due to corporate ties within the government and the Securities and Exchange Commission the many†¦show more content†¦Although initially they created unintended unethical behavior which probably resulted from a dysfunctional management team, those initial ideas would later lead to several action sequences that would have lasting eff ects. The two moral imperatives of â€Å"do not lie† and â€Å"do unto others as you want done to you† were not attributes that several of the board members held (Collins, 2011, pg. 24). There are a multitude of mechanisms that should be put in place to better align managers with the interests of shareholders, and the government plays a big part of that puzzle. Agency problems arise when the management of a public company pursues its own economic self-interest ahead of shareowners’ and secondary stakeholder’s interests’ and portrays disregard for the respect for others and does not reflect at atmosphere of corporate citizenship. This behavior may manifest itself in the form of golden parachutes, long-term employment contracts, corporate jets, and other perquisites. Managers are susceptible to human nature and may pursue their own economic agendas without any concern for maximizing the wealth of the shareowners (Anson, White, McGrew, Butler, 2004). Nortel investors complained that even in its downward spiral, the executives received bonuses and issued excessively optimistic projections. Soon there would not be much left other than the lawsuits alleging issuance of misleading financial statements and blatant insider tradingShow MoreRelatedEthics And Ethics : Ethics922 Words   |  4 Pagesand friend group to be altered. One change I was not anticipating making was my approach to ethics. Over the course of the past fifteen weeks, my knowledge of ethics as well as my approach to ethics has changed. I have become more knowledgeable about the different approaches to ethics and have gained insight as to where I stand in my approach to ethics. One thing that has changed in my approach to ethics since the beginning of the semester is I am now adamant that it is impossible to arrive at aRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics Essay1578 Words   |  7 Pages†¢ Define ethics. Ethics is defined as the moral principles and standards that guide the behavior of an individual or group, while business ethics refers to said behavior in the work environment. Great leaders demonstrate and practice this both personally and professionally. With today’s constant media coverage of unethical decisions and their violators, it can be easy for many to people to assume that ethics codes are â€Å"just for show†. A prime example of the unethical culture that exists in businessRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics851 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Berger who stated, â€Å"Without ethics, man has no future. This is to say, mankind without them cannot be itself. Ethics determine choices and actions and suggest difficult priorities† (Berger). His meaning behind that quote is simple. In this world is there a right and a wrong way of doing something? In this world, ethics determines our actions and the consequences that come about those actions, determining right and wrong. The real question is however, are Ethics black and white? Is what is â€Å"right†Read MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics955 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction: Ethics is a key moral philosophy that helps us determine what is right and wrong. This paper will talk about my views on ethics. I will share personal examples of ethical situations that I have been in. I will also share where my ethical views originated from and why ethics is important to me. Next, I will discuss how ethics will affect my career and why it will be important in it. Lastly, I will talk about the importance of ethics in the global world. Personal: In my opinion ethics is a moralRead MoreEthics And The Ethics Of Ethics929 Words   |  4 Pages Ethics Nurse’s Before all parties involved can begin a working relationship, each individual should discuss and obtain a written description of the duties expected and the code of ethics that should be respected and followed; by beginning with a clear understanding of ethical values. Ethics: the study of right and wrong and how to tell the difference between them. Since ethics also means people s beliefs about right and wrong behavior, ethics can be defined as the study of ethics. EthicsRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics1569 Words   |  7 Pages Ethics In Nursing Rayda M. Garcia Fairleigh Dickinson Universityâ€Æ' Ethics In Nursing The study of ethics, or applied ethics, is necessary for healthcare professionals who often face dilemmas that are not experienced by the general population. The fast-paced growth of medical technology has made the study of ethics even more relevant. The study of bioethics, or biomedical ethics, refers to moral dilemmas due to advances in medicine and medical research. Since medical law and ethics are oftenRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Ethics775 Words   |  4 Pagesmillion to settle a shareholder lawsuit. We can refer from the two previous examples that ethics education is crucial. The main reason for ethics education is that ethics courses and training would help students, who are going to become future managers and business decision makers, to resolve such ethical dilemmas correctly. As we know that most dilemmas often have multiple decision criteria. Business ethics classes would help students to realize which decision criteria lead to a preference for aRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Ethics Essay1491 Words   |  6 Pagesemployees that the work place ethics code forbids using work-place resources for personal financial profit. To make ethically right decision in this ethical dilemma, I will focus on the philosophers’ standpoint and reasoning of ethics of care, ethics of justice, utilitarian ethics and universal principle to analyze the situation. In this tough situation, my conclusion is that I will not report this action to the higher authority although she is violating wor k place ethics code. I will provide my reasoningRead MoreEthics : Ethics And Ethics1485 Words   |  6 Pages Ethics is a concept derived from an individual’s religion, philosophies or culture, forming a collection of moral principles carrying out the manner in which a person leads their life. In modern society philosophers divide ethical theories into three separate areas, meta-ethics, normative ethics and applied ethics. Meta-ethics refer to the origins and meanings of ethical principles, dealing with the nature of moral judgement. Normative ethics refers to what is right and wrong and concerned withRead MoreEthics And Ethics Of Ethics987 Words   |  4 PagesEthics affect every facet of life, especially in a professional community. When a decision is to be made within a community, the ethical decision is typically that which benefits the most people or harms the least people. There are some scenarios however, when the correct decision based on a system of ethics that values doing the right thing is not the decision that leaves behind the least negative impact on the organization. An organization must decide if it will follow the system of ethics that

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Desdemona in Othello-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about the Desdemona in Othello. Answer: Introduction Good morning year12, my names Bob Ma from the drama troupe Shakespeare in the classroom. I am here to talk about Desdemona, a character in the Play Othello by William Shakespeare and bring out interesting aspects in the way women were regarded in Shakespearean era. I will also be showing her in the context of the historical times in which we live and create scenarios of how the scenes chosen can be re-enacted for a modern audience. The central theme of this presentation is the selflessness of the love of a woman; I will be demonstrating to you how this selflessness and assertive love cuts across the barriers of time in history. I ask that you sit back and listen as I explore interesting aspects about the love of a woman towards her lover both in the olden context and modern times. Analysis Desdemona is an interesting character in the play Othello, she is introduced here as the wife of Othello. She is a devoted lover but has very strong feelings of love towards her husband Othello. Her relationship with him is so secret that her father learns about it from third parties. We will consider the first statements she says as follows; My noble father, I do perceive here a divided duty: To you I am bound for life and education; My life and education both do learn me How to respect you; you are the lord of duty; I am hitherto your daughter: but here's my husband (I iii 181-9) At this point, Desdemona is talking to her father when he confronted Othello about her relationship with her. Desdemonas character also brings out the cultural battle she had to fight shown by how aggressively her father confronts Othello when he hears that he is in a relationship with her. She put an end to a possible conflict when she becomes sincere in her response. Dramatically, the gestures for this scene would be bold but full of respect; To you I am bound for life and education (maintaining a steady pose with hands folded together at the chest). How to respect you; you are the lord of duty; I am hitherto your daughter: but here's my husband (both hands pointing to direction where the husband is supposed to be standing) The voice should be without any tremble to show strong resolve because the decision made is for a lifetime and the steady voice is an indication that she has seriously thought about it. Both hands are to be pointed towards the husband to show that there is no going back on the decision that has been made. This will communicate to the father clearly that as far as this decision is concerned, there is no going back. In a sense, modern audiences can learn the secret of conflict resolution occasioned by the good nature of women. Whereas women may not be physically strong, they can do a lot for society through emotional toughness[1]. Below is another passage for consideration when Othello is contemplating leaving her behind as he goes to war; That I did love the Moor to live with him, My downright violence and storm of fortunes May trumpet to the world: my heart's subdued Even to the very quality of my lord: (I iii 249-259) Desdemona here is faced with a challenge when it is being suggested that her husband leaves her to go to the war. Because of the devotion she has for him, she would rather be with him in battle. This seems reckless but brings out the strength with which she loves Othello. This love cannot be superficial, it springs from a sincere heart. This statement provokes feelings of compassion in audiences even today. These words if acted today would involve the lady going down on the knees as she pledges her love for the husband. That I did love the moor (going down on the knee with palms upon the breast), to live with him (spreading hands in the air while still kneeling down). This action will be done by a female actor with a sorrowful tone that is quiet but firm. This acting style shows that the passion that one holds in love makes them to be humble and persistent at the same time. Hands upon the breast depict sincere passion in love and the kneeling down gesture shows humility. It is true that such love exists even today but if such a scene was re-enacted again, it would not be in the same context because of the interconnectivity of the world we live in. physical separation today is not the same way it was in previous times, technology has created such for a as the email, the mobile phone, skype and other tools of communication. A lover today would not display emotional attachment by physically wanting to accompany her partner to a danger zone. A typical scene might include pledges of faithfulness as opposed to physical presence. A similarity may be drawn in todays society that people who are in love often spend more time with each other. Desdemonas statement magnifies the desire in every woman to be close to her lover. Although this is acted in a scenario of conflict, intimacy and togetherness, where love is concerned is experienced in all situations. However, love is often proved in difficult times and a possible scenario in modern times could be when a lover is not able to function normally because of a disability caused by an accident. Spouses that remain committed to relationships even after such occurrences have taken place are to be admired greatly. In this passage we see that love is supposed to be pure and with no other motive. Conclusion It is quite easy to relate Desdemonas character with modern audiences because she is a reflection of romantic love. Love is timeless and thrives in all societies regardless of the periods of history[2]. The emotion of love naturally springs from the heart of an individual and when it is present, no one can hide it. Apart from the different environment and the historical time when the play was written, much of the emotions and values depicted in the play through Desdemona remain the same even today. The wide belief that women love selflessly and sacrificially is reinforced by Desdemonas character and the society today has a lot to learn from her. Being among the key characters in the play, Desdemona is also greatly loved by audiences today. Bibliography Flaherty, Jennifer. "How Desdemona Learned to Die: Failed Resistance in Paula Vogel's Desdemona." InGender Forum, no. 49. Prof. Dr. Beate Neumeier, 2014. Franks, Paul. "Desdemona's Lie: Nihilism, Perfectionism, Historicism."Journal of nietzsche studies44, no. 2 (2013): 225-245. Hallgren, Elizabeth. "Male Homosocial Love in Othello: Iago and the Culture of Masculinity."The Sigma Tau Delta(2017): 41. Huq, Syed Anwarul. "Desdemonas Handkerchief: Its Symbolic Significance."Stamford Journal of English7 (2013): 159-168. Kim, Jaecheol. "The Plague and Immunity in Othello."Comparative Drama51, no. 1 (2017): 23-42. Kundu, Tanmoy, and Kripasindhu Layek. "Is Othello Jealous Man?."ASIAN JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY STUDIES2, no. 12 (2014). Nety, Suchita P. "Objects of Interpretation in Othello." PhD diss., California Institute of Technology, 2017. Shakespeare, William, and Sidney Lee.Othello (The Unabridged Play)+ The Classic Biography: The Life of William Shakespeare. e-artnow, 2014. Thompson, Ayanna. "Desdemona."A Feminist Companion to Shakespeare, Second Edition(2016): 494-506

Saturday, April 11, 2020

Qualities of a Leader free essay sample

Supervisor means a leader. So, you have to describe a qualities in a leader. Good leader is a strong-willed, have enough influence and respect to have people following him. Good leader is a team player. So think about  it and describe it. imagine you have a supervisor and think how would you wanted to be treated by him and write about it. 10Would you prefer to go on a long trip by car or by train? If i have to choose from car and train for long trip then i prefered to go by train only. first resone is that if i go by train then i do not have to drive. I simply use my this time in reading books or any other magazines. And after long driving may be i can not enjoye the place of my destination. And if i go by train then i feel like fresh so i enjoye my trip as well as the place of destination also. We will write a custom essay sample on Qualities of a Leader or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Second resone why i prefer train becouse, i meet with different peoples. And i talk with him and get involved in good discossion. And that way i improve my communication skills and mack new friend from different field. So in my oponoin for long trip i would go by train ruther then driving car. 15. Some students try to do moderate amounts of homework on a daily basis. Others prefer to get their homework done in one go over 1-2 days. Which do you prefer? Homework on a daily basis * can concentrate more on studies and easy to understand the lectures * less burden 33. Some people want to have specific instructions or directions when they try something new. Other people like to experiment and work things out for themselves. Which do you prefer? Experiment and work things out * easy to remember and long lasting * more satisfying and rewarding Hope this helps!! I think the person Id most like to travel overseas with would have to be my wife. (Uh) my wife and I have been married for about 6 years, and we have (uh) a family, with two young children. And (uh) the main probably the first main reason I would choose her is, I think shed really appreciate the chance to travel overseas; (uh) shes had limited travel experience,  (uh) for example, shes only  been really  to Australia and Thailand, outside her home country of Korea so, I think shed really appreciate the wider experience. (Um) and the second reason is I think itd be  great for our relationship. (Um) weve been so weighed  down with so many responsibilities, and (uh) I think itd be a chance to get some great new memories and experiences together.

Tuesday, March 10, 2020

Leadership And Management Skills Portfolio The WritePass Journal

Leadership And Management Skills Portfolio Introduction Leadership And Management Skills Portfolio ).   In this regard, I missed the first finance class because I was attending a meeting at work where I was presenting an important report to senior management. Negotiating as a Client My colleague and I assumed the role of a client negotiating with a software vendor on delivery times and price. As clients, we argued and debated with the software vendor on the relevant issues. For instance, there was prolonged argument and debate on the delivery times because we were considering small insignificant factors on this issue. The outcome was that the arguments related to the main issue of delivery times were largely neglected. Indeed, it is suggested that it is important to have awareness of any insignificant arguments that might derail the negotiation process (Pinet Sander, 2013). In our case, we concentrated on being right rather than winning the arguments associated with the price and delivery times. The negotiation process deviated from the agenda established prior to the meeting with the software vendor.   Consequently, a lot of time was wasted on these arguments and compromises were achieved after a protracted process. Portfolio Section 3 This section presents an action plan for developing my postgraduate, management and leadership skills further. The action plan covers skills required for group leadership, management consultant, appraisal manager, coaching, negotiation, and task prioritization as presented below. Action plan for group leadership skills Objective To improve my skills in leading and managing groups in completion, of course, related tasks Tasks Read and brainstorm with my peers on available literature including books, reputable online articles and journal articles about team leadership. I will focus on literature that looks at leadership functions on the different phases of teams namely the transition and action stages. The transition stage is a time when a group or team focuses on activities associated with the team’s structures, planning tasks, and assessing the performance of the team in terms of the whether the team has the ability of achieving its objectives (Marks, Mathieu Zaccaro, 2001). The specific leadership skills that I will learn about for this phase include defining the mission of the team, goals, and performance standards, structuring responsibilities and roles in the team, and promoting feedback processes (Morgeson et al., 2010). The action stage is where the team or group members are focused on tasks that directly contribute to goal achievement (Marks et al., 2001). In this phase, I will learn relev ant leadership skills including creating a positive climate in the group, encouraging autonomous actions by members, resource acquisition   for the group, problem solving, involvement in the group’s work, and monitoring the group(Morgeson et al., 2010). Discuss with managers and leaders in my workplace about effective approaches for leading and managing groups or teams Evaluation After acquisition of the necessary leadership skills, I will apply to future group assignments in my course work. I will evaluate the acquired group leadership skills by asking my peers to rate my performance as a leader. I will design a checklist where the group members will provide their responses about my overall leadership skills and areas that require improvement. Review date The reading of literature, applying the relevant knowledge to actual practice, and evaluating leadership skills will be reviewed on a regular basis whenever there is a group assignment. Action plan for coaching skills Objective To become a very effective coach Tasks Read books, journal articles, and online publications on the coaching process and the required skills and competencies for this activity followed by a brainstorming exercise with my colleagues. Participate in training in coaching provided by my organisations to equip with necessary skills. Ask a senior manager in my workplace to act as my coach to enable me to understand this process from a practical perspective and model it. Evaluation The knowledge acquired from literature, training, and on-the-practice will be utilised in coaching my peers in coursework on different topics. The performance data that will be collected to establish the level of my effectiveness as a coach will be obtained from interviewing the individual that I will be coaching. Review date Ongoing throughout my course work. Action plan for management consultant skills Objective To enhance my skills as a management consultant Tasks Read available literature on management consultancy and look at case studies on the process of management consultation. After reading alone, I will brainstorm these issues with my study group. Discuss with management consultants within and outside my organisation to learn the criteria for success. Evaluation Evaluation will be based on establishing the extent to which the client is able to achieve desired outcomes in relation to the consultation services I will offer them. This will be achieved by using a questionnaire to ask the clients whether I demonstrate the skills of a management consultant. Review date Ongoing based on management consultancy projects. Action plan for managerial skills in appraisals Objective To improve my skills in conducting performance appraisals Tasks Read widely and brainstorm on skills for performance appraisals. Role playing with my peers on posing the right questions to the individual under appraisal. Discuss with senior managers in my workplace about successfully performing performance appraisals. Evaluation The assessment of my skills in this area will be based on determining to which I successfully complete a performance appraisal. This will involve asking individuals involved in the appraisal process to rate my performance using a checklist. Review date This activity will be completed on a monthly basis. Action plan for negotiation skills Objective To improve my negotiation skills as a client Tasks Reading widely and brainstorming with colleagues on negotiation skills for clients to understand negotiation skills, negotiation phases, and sources of conflict in negotiation process. Engage in role play to assist in clarification of responsibilities and roles in working in a negotiating team. Evaluation Evaluation will involve collecting evidence indicating whether I applied competencies and skills required in negotiating as a client. This will be achieved by interviewing the other parties to the negotiation process to determine the level of my skills in negotiating as a client. Review date This will be completed by February 2015. Action plan for task prioritization Objective To enhance my skills in prioritizing both work and education tasks. Tasks Listing all the tasks that I have to perform on a daily basis in my work and college and categorising them based on their impacts on my work and educational pursuits. Using a personal calendar to plan my tasks. Using a checklist to determine completion of tasks on daily basis. Evaluation Performance in task prioritisation will be evaluated by assessing the extent to which I complete all the tasks required in my workplace and at college. Review date This activity will be completed on a daily basis. Conclusion This reflective work has identified areas that require further development in improving my managerial and leadership skills. Based on this reflective work, it is evident that I lack skills in different areas including leadership, task prioritization, effective coaching, managerial skills in performance appraisal and management consultancy. Therefore, these skills have to be improved to ensure that I am effective as manager and leader. Therefore, action plans for improving the different skills have been presented. It is expected that implementation of the action plans will equip with skills that are applicable to my workplace and educational setting. References Armstrong, M. (2012) Armstrong’s handbook of management and leadership: developing effective people skills for better leadership and management. PA: Kogan Page. Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (2014). Performance appraisal. [Online]Available from: cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/performance-appraisal.aspx (Accessed: 15 Dec. 14). De Caluwe, L., Reitsma, E. (2010) `Competencies of management consultants: a research study of senior management consultants’, In Buono, A., Jamieson, D (Eds), Consultation for organisational change, pp. 15-40. NC: Information age publishing. Goleman, D. (2006) Social Intelligence: the new science of human relationship. NY: Banam books. Heslin, P., Vandewalle, D. (2011) `Performance appraisal procedural justice: the role of a manager’s implicit person theory’. Journal of Management, vol.37, no.6, pp.1694-1718. Institute of Management Consultants (2014) The management consultancy competency framework. [Online] Available from: imcusa.org/?page=CONSULTINGCOMPETENCY (Accessed: 15 Dec. 14). Jarvis, M. (2005) The psychology of effective learning and teaching. UK: Nelson Thornes Ltd. Maltbia, T., Marsick, V., Ghosh, R. (2014) `Executive and organisational coaching: a review of insights drawn from literature for inform HRD practices’. Advances in Developing Human Resources, vol.16, no.2, pp.161-83. Marks, C., Mathieu, J., Zaccaro, S. (2001) `A temporally based framework and taxonomy of team processes’, Academy of Management Review, vol.26, pp. 356-76. Morgeson, F., DeRue, S., Karam, E. (2010) `Leadership in teams: a functional approach to understanding leadership structures and processes’. Journal of Management, vol.36, no.1, pp.5-39. O’Broin, A., Palmer, S. (2009) `Co-creating an optimal coaching alliance: a cognitive behavioural coaching perspective’. International Coaching Psychology Review, vol.4, no.2, pp.184-94. Pinet, A., Sander, P. (2013) The only negotiation book you’ll ever need. Littlefield Street, MA: Adams Media.

Sunday, February 23, 2020

Tourism in Switzerland and Kenya. Advantages and disadvantages Essay

Tourism in Switzerland and Kenya. Advantages and disadvantages - Essay Example Kenya and Switzerland have registered an impressive record in tourists’ attendance, especially international tourists. Both countries have diverse tourist attractions sites and locations, receiving recognition across the globe. In Kenya, tourism is an industry that has sustained thousands of people in their daily living. It remains the second great foreign exchange earner, after the leading agriculture. Wildlife remains the core tourist attraction. Kenya is also rich in cultural heritage especially along its coastal region (Akama, pg. 8). This too acts as a source of tourist attraction. The coastal beaches are a superb place to visit especially during winter in the West. Switzerland also remains a famous tourist destination location. It does possess an abundance of natural resources and beautiful landscape. The Alps peaks creates a fascinating site. Their rich culture attracts tourists from various locations across the world (Banfi, Filippini, and Hunt, pg. 690). Both countries do acknowledge that tourism does fetch immense income. A major exchange earner has steered the growth of the various locations in both countries. There has been a steady rise in the number of revenues collected from tourism activities. Such revenue goes a great way in improvement of Gross Domestic Product. Essentially, it is the business and the fastest growing service industry in the mentioned countries. It does hold immense potential in it. The growth of t tourism sector has led to the upsurge and development of other sectors such as infrastructure, agriculture, manufacturing, retailing, and hotel industry. Tourism contributes directly or indirectly to the macro-economic growth of the countries. Dues to the stimulation of development ion technology, investments, industries and infrastructures, there is creation of an environment that favours economic growth. The foreign currencies stimulate growth. Taxes emanating from

Thursday, February 6, 2020

Woodrow Wilson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Woodrow Wilson - Essay Example From the economic perspective, Woodrow Wilson established several successful policy reforms. In 1913, as a part of economic reforms, Underwood tariff has been lowered from 40% to 25% (Clements, 1992). Wilson provided compensation for this decrease in the form of federal income tax, supported with the Sixteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. In addition, Wilson initiated complex reforms supporting farming business in the United States, including programs of educational support and initiatives providing farmers with low-cost long-term mortgages (Clements, 1992). Woodrow Wilson also became famous for his support for small and medium business and enactment of antitrust policies. Recent scholarship has emphasized the importance of ideology in understanding Woodrow Wilson's politics. While Wilson scholars have examined his idealism, few have traces ideological and religious roots of principles that formed his mindset. Practically, during the period of American neutrality from 1914 to 1917, he made numerous public speeches that afford insight into his religious beliefs, their relationship to his understanding of presidential leadership, good government, and especially foreign policy (Knock, 1992). Wilson believed that good leaders used oratory to inform people of important issues and guide them to support the best practices. As the importance of the issue or policy at stake rose, so did the importance of speaking on it. Wilson's speeches reflect what he thought the public need to know to approve his plans and undertakings, and the concepts he used to gain that approval. Wilson continuously stressed his impartiality in the exercise of his duties. As chief executive, he claimed to express the opinion of American citizens, rather than his own. He clarified that he did not confuse the opinion of newspapers editorials and the popular view. "With all due respect to editors of great newspapers, I have to say to them that I never take my opinions of the American people of their editorials" (Link, 32:29). Being president denied him expression of his opinion, as his job required he focus exclusively on the country's interests and not his own. Wilson's stress on national opinion reflected his need to interact with the people beyond the confines of Washington, D.C. As he stated during a Flag Day celebration: "I felt caught up and buoyed along by the great stream of human purpose which seemed to flow in front of me by the stand at the White House, and I shall go away from this meeting, as I came away from that parade, with all the deepest purposes of my heart re newed" (Link, 37:224). Wilson's expressions of his desire for contact with non-politicians and government functionaries reinforced the image he cultivated of a common man elected to serve the people. He regularly described himself as an average man, despite Ph.D., a brief period as a lawyer, and years spent as a college professor and president (Clements, 1992). As a common man, Wilson operated as an associate, servant or helper. He explained the function of both Congress and the President as servants of the people. By arguing that public officials needed to confer with their people

Wednesday, January 29, 2020

HR Issues in Google Inc Essay Example for Free

HR Issues in Google Inc Essay 26 March 2009, 200 Layoffs â€Å"So today we have informed Googlers that we plan to reduce the number of roles within our sales and marketing organizations by just under 200 globally. The recession makes the timing even more difficult for the Googlers concerned. We had to restructure our organizations in order to improve our effectiveness and efficiency as a business. We will give each person time to try and find another position at Google, as well as outplacement support, and provide severance packages for those who leave the company. Finally, I would like to take this opportunity to thank everyone affected for all they have contributed to Google. † * Omid Kordestani, Senior VP, Global Sales and Business Development (2009) From this article, google would cut 200 would cut about 200 employees from its sales and marketing organization. It would reduce the overlap between different groups and speed up decision making. Omid Kordestani, Senior VP, Global Sales and Business Development said, the cut meant to address the mistakes that the company had done before. In some areas we’ve created overlapping organizations which not only duplicate effort but also complicate the decision-making process,† Mr. Kordestani wrote on Google’s corporate blog. â€Å"That makes our teams less effective and efficient than they should be. In addition, we over-invested in some areas in preparation for the growth trends we were experiencing at the time. † 4 January 2009, 100 Layoffs â€Å"Given the state of the economy, we recognized that we needed fewer people focused on hiring e need to go further and reduce the overall size of our recruiting organization by approximately 100 positions. We know this change will be very difficult for the people concerned, and we hope that many of them will be able to find new roles at Google. They helped build this company, new hire by new hire, and we are enormously grateful for everything they have done. † * Laszlo Bock, Vice President, People Operations (2009 In January, google laid off 100 recruiters which is that deeper cuts were â€Å"unlikely†. In February, company cut another 40 positions when it closed its radio advertising efforts. About 100 of the eliminated positions will be in the United States and the rest overseas, said Matt Furman, a Google spokesman. Mr. Furman said the company continued to hire new workers, albeit at a slow rate. In the fourth quarter of 2008, the company grew by 99 workers, ending the year with 20,222 full-time employees. In previous years, Google had added more than 2,000 people in a single quarter. Laid-off workers will be given time to apply for other jobs within the company. How a Giant Company Aims to Remain Intimate. Google have a good track record in management. It routinely ranks first or near the top in â€Å"best places to work† reports. Google’s value proposition as an employer combines a laser focus on innovation and smart business practices with a small-company feel that includes direct access to top management. For instance, no one hesitates to pose questions directly to the founders at the weekly all-hands meetings. The HR management system plays a critical role in keeping this value proposition well tuned and relevant for each successive generation of employees by embedding Google’s mission into daily work life. As Laszlo Bock, vice president of people operations at Google, said in an interview with BCG: â€Å"If you talk to anybody at Google and ask them what the mission is, they’ll say, ‘To organize the world’s information and make it universally accessible and useful. ’ It’s rare to find a place where everyone knows the mission—and then actually believes it. † Google’s benefits and compensation packages, renowned for their largess, have a threefold purpose, Bock pointed out. First, to create a community—hence the microkitchens sprinkled around the offices, where people can interact informally. Second, to drive innovation: the more people interact, the higher the likelihood of creating serendipitous sparks of innovation. And third, to promote efficiency: on-site oil changes and dry-cleaning services help hard-working employees save time in their personal lives. To keep a pulse on how â€Å"Googlers† are feeling, which informs talent-management and development programs, HR undertakes a variety of analyses, Bock said. The company monitors retention and attrition and looks for patterns. An annual employee survey plus focus groups throughout the year provide ample qualitative feedback. On the basis of this analysis, upward management feedback gets put into practice. â€Å"Every member of our executive team has goals for the year,† Bock said. â€Å"These are not amorphous goals, like ‘make the company feel more engaged,’ but very specific, like ‘there were three issues in the sales organization that we will address this year. ’† Recruitment group Randstad Chooses Google Apps for its 29,000 Employees. Randstad consist of four large Dutch cities (Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, and Utrecht) and the surrounding areas. It is one of the biggest staffing companies in the world and has some 29,000 employees working from more than 4,500 branches in 40 countries around the world. They help companies and candidates connect in industries such as engineering, finance and accounting, healthcare, human resources, managed services, pharma and technology. To give an idea, they place on average well over 500,000 people per day. It have grown to become quite large since it began as a small company started in a student dorm room in 1960 and the business has changed quite a bit in that time. But at its core, it still the same. All about people. Their decision making process involved several companies, but ultimately they decided on Google for a few different reasons. They have a workforce of younger, and heard the feedback that are quite familiar with Google tools like Gmail, Google Calendar, Google Drive and Google+ Hangouts in user personal lives, and theyd like to use them at work too. Also, because the Google tools are all integrated, they wouldnt run into the problem of having employees across offices and countries having to work with several different pieces of technology that don’t work well together. Lastly, we wanted to provide our employees with as much training as they needed and G-company were able to provide that. Their rollout will eventually include all 29,000 Randstad employees, 5,000 of whom are located in the Netherlands. Their employees in France, Japan and India, approximately 8,000, are already on Google.

Monday, January 20, 2020

The Pearl :: essays research papers

Kino’s lack of material items did not keep him from happiness. That is until he thought it was possible to acquire a greater amount of wealth and increase his happiness through the pearl. In turn, this resulted in the downfall of Kino and his family.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Kino’s life before the pearl brought him satisfaction and contentment. He was a loving husband and father. â€Å"Juana is driven, although instinctively as a woman to heal the family, nevertheless in reality to act for the man to protect the family.† (Karsten 6) He raised and took care of them. Kino loved Coyotito; His son was his pride and joy. He brought together Kino and Juana and made them a family. There is also Juan Tomà  s, Kino’s brother, who supported Kino throughout his life. â€Å"We do know that we are cheated from birth to the overcharge on our coffins. But we survive. You have defied not the pearl buyers, but the whole structure, the whole way of life, and I am afraid for you.† (Steinbeck 70) Kino had few possessions. He had his home, a brush hut, which provided protection and shelter. In addition, a canoe, this is a family heirloom. It was passed down from grandfather to father to son. â€Å"Kino and Juana came slowly down to the beach and to Kino’s canoe, which was the one thing of value he owned in the world.† (Steinbeck 19) â€Å"It was once property and source of food, for a man with a boat can guarantee a woman that she will eat something.† (Steinbeck 19) Kino also had the song of the family. The song brings a feeling of unity â€Å"... the Song of the Family is identified along with other unnamed songs, the heritage of Kino’s people, in the calm beginning of the story... (Karsten 2) Many changes and alterations were brought about by the pearl. Kino immediately began to make a list of things that he wanted to buy with the pearl’s wealth. He has an opportunity for social mobility and acts upon it. Among the many things on his list were an official marriage, new clothes, a rifle, and education for his son. Instantaneously, Kino’s desires became cloudy. â€Å"There was no certainty in seeing, no proof that what you saw was there or was not there.† (Astro 29) Kino then started doubting his dreams and the pearl became misty and cloudy. Kino’s community thought of him differently because of his sudden acquired wealth.

Sunday, January 12, 2020

Failure of Structural Adjustment Programme

INTRODUCTION According to Collin dictionary government is the group of people who are responsible to govern country. Christian council of Tanzania and Tanzania Episcopal conference define government as the chief agency for organizing and in the end of controlling both development and order in the society. Also it is an organized body of persons and institutions that form an agency or machinery of the state which formulates, expresses and realizes the will of state. Therefore, government consists of the activities, methods and principles involved in the governing a country or other political unit. Government failure is the public sector analogy to market failure and occurs when a government intervention causes a more inefficient allocation of goods and resources than would occur without that intervention. Likewise, the government’s failure to intervene in a market failure that would result in socially preferable mix of output is referred to as passive government failure (Weimer and Vining, 2004). The failure is an outcome of policies enacted to regulate trade which create systemic inefficiencies and economic cost that adversely affect a product‘s manufacture and sales. This arises when government has created some inefficiency because it would not have solved a given problem or a set of problems more efficiently. The government supply side failures largely result from principal/agent problems. Market failure – occurs when the supply of a good or service insufficient to meet a demand. A market failure result when prices cannot achieve equilibrium because of some distortions for example, the limits on specific goods and services. In other words, government regulations implemented to promote social wellbeing inevitably result in a degree of market failure. Structural Adjustment Programme are economic policies which countries must follow in order to qualify for new World Bank (WB) and International Monetary Fund (IMF) loans and help them make debts repayments on the older dept owed to commercial banks, governments and World Bank, (Whirled Bank Group, 2003). THE CONDITION OF THE COUNTRY BEFORE STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT After independence in 1961, the new government adopted the colonial style of economic structure. Between 1960 and 1962, for example agriculture contributed more than 50% to gross national product (GNP), and sisal, coffee, cotton and tea contributed 60% to the total foreign exchange earnings (Taube 1992). Tanzania neglected not only to satisfy its own national food requirements, but also to diversify its export products and promote light manufacturing. Politicians were soon overtaken by the reality of severe deficiencies in the supply of food products, energy, housing, manufactured goods, health and educational services, as well as intermediate inputs and implement for the agricultural sector. Between 1961and 1966 Tanzania economy operated primarily under free market conditions and the government adopted the World Bank’s transformation approach to agricultural development as a component of its first five year plan (Wenzel and Wiedemann 1989). In 1963 Tanzania implemented the Agriculture Product Board Act, which was the government’s marketing board for scheduled crops. This board managed maize, wheat, rice, cashew nuts and oil seeds through market purchase, price regulation, and regulation of storage, transport and processing (Bryceson 1993). DURING ARUSHA DECLARATION In 1967, the ruling party (TANU) which nowadays is Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) passed the first national economic declaration establishing Tanzania’s era of economic socialism. This was the Arusha Declaration. This clearly meant to address the deficiencies in Tanzania’s economic development, but it explicitly enclosed socialism and a planned economy, which the country’s new leaders thought appropriate at the time. Ujamaa (familyhood and relationship) became the expression for Tanzanian‘s social economic system and a synonym for Tanzania socialism. Through this self reliance approach, Tanzania forced its own withdrawal from international market. GOVERNMENT FAILURE Although Tanzania experienced reasonable macroeconomic performance until the mid – 1970s, unfavorable external conditions wiped out the previous economic achievements and led to the crisis period of 1980 – 1985 (Ndulu 1994). The justification for nationalization of private firms and extensive involvement of the state in productive activities was the ability of the state to control negative externalities, exploit economies of scale and operate firms at officially optimal level, the outcome proved otherwise for Tanzania. The government failure occurred in the following ways; The state owned cooperation turned out to be inefficient in almost all areas of their operations. For example many supply companies operated below standard such as National Milling Cooperation which was supplying food stuffs like maize, packed maize flour, rice and wheat causing higher demand in urban areas. Another company was Regional Trading Company (RTC) for supplying commodities like sugar, soaps, wine from Dodoma, and these caused shortages of the commodities. Due to lack of fund from central government health services, water, education (especially primary schools) remained a big problem in both urban and rural areas. The government operation in providing these social services was highly contributed by among other things inadequate foreign exchange as the country relied much on agricultural products which did not competed strongly with the same crops from other countries in the international market such as coffee from Brazil, cotton from Egypt and India. There was also the Tanzania – Uganda war of 1978 – 1979 as much as national earnings was directed to the war. There was extreme weather conditions (drought or too much rainfall) leading to falling of local production in key food crops and high domestic inflation. These conditions contributed to severe poverty to most of the people since they depended on agriculture for their survivor. R. E. Stren adds that Tanzania faced a severe balance of payments originally caused by the rising prices of imported oil. The rise of oil price resulted to the rise of prices of products as well as provision of social and economic services. Due to this the majority could not afford to access these services. Young (2003) argues that the government had been adamant that the buses she owned retain their monopoly status, but the desperate economic situation and the existence of informal sources of transport forced the government to legalized the â€Å"daladala† in 1986. The owners of trucks and pickups were allowed to carry passengers for a fee if they obtain a contract from the public transport authority and met various safety requirements. These situations led to Tanzania try her own economic reforms in early 1980s. These include Nation Economic Survival Program (NESP) in 1981 -1982, Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in 1983 – 1985. Due to these homegrown reforms, Tanzania adopted a series of donor supported reform programs starting in 1986. The first was Economic Recovery Program (ERPI), followed by the ERPII in 1989 – 1992. Despite all these efforts by 1980s Tanzania was the world’s second poorest country in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). It is these economic crises and poor services delivery which forced most of sub-Saharan African countries to implement the Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) as a precondition to aids and loans from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank (WB) and other donor agencies. In order to solve the persistent severe economic crisis which has been confronting Tanzania since the late 1970s, Tanzania signed an agreement with WB and IMF in 1986 to adopt SAP. SAP WITH MARKET FAILURE Structural adjustment program by World Bank and International Monetary Fund gave a new limited role for governments. No longer should the government supply services itself, instead the ultimate goal would be for the central government to serve in the role mainly educator, promoter and regulator and communities in league with the private sector in that of provider. Structural adjustment program failed also in many countries including Tanzania because many stakeholders (countries) had little or no participation in making its policy. This means, these reforms had been imposed on countries that were neither ready nor had the capacity to implement them. According to Lugalla, Structural Adjustment Programmes had the following principles which had to be adopted: There was devaluation of the local currency. That is the dollar gained more value than the Tanzanian shilling. Due to this the foreigners who bought raw materials such as cotton benefited much as their currency was high. Also the government ended up in importing manufactured goods in higher prices resulting to low profits. The introduction of cost sharing in education and health. Before the introduction of these reforms the government used to provide these services freely, but now the people were forces to contribute. Due to this, many people could not access these services because they were not able to contribute. There was a policy of trade liberalization. This policy aimed that the government should allow free trade where the price of commodities was controlled by donor countries. There were frequent price changes which aimed at benefiting the foreigners and not the producers. Creation for conducive environment for foreign investments. The government had to put easy, friendly and flexible conditions that were more beneficial to the investors than the country. Introduction of democratization which is understood as multipartism. The government was under one party rule but it was forced to adopt multiparty system as a condition to receive loans and grants. By 1992 Tanzania became a democratic state where different political parties such as Tanzania Labor Party (TLP), NCCR-Mageuzi, CHADEMA, Civil United Front (CUF) and others were introduced. Although the aim of Structural Adjustment Programme was said as to improve the socio-economic problems of the country, it proved failure. Failure of the program in Africa is also basing on the fact that there’s assumption that a uniform set of principles can yield successful policies for all countries irrespective of their differences. Failure of Structural Adjustment Program in Tanzania can be seen in; Since Tanzania has been implementing social and economic reforms prescribed by SAP, social services are still a problem both in quantity and quality. The urban areas (cities and towns) has witnessed the problems multiplying rather than decreasing. People have difficulties in accessing clean water, adequate shelter, better health care etc. Let us take Dar Es Salaam as example, there’s frequent water cut which sometimes leave areas dry up to a week, electricity problem in the whole country, overflowing sewage and hospitals without medicine especially public hospitals,( Lugalla). SAP emphasized on reducing government expenditure on the unproductive sectors social development in urban areas in Tanzania. Lack of sufficient budget has made it difficult to finance a variety of urban development projects including the provision of adequate housing. As a result seventy percent of the urban populations live in poor houses without necessities such as sanitation and adequate garbage collection. For example areas like Vingunguti and Hananasif in Dar es Salaam are composed of slum settlement without proper sewage systems. SAP has reduced the health budget significantly. The state allocation budget for health is now estimated at less than five percent of the government’s recurrent budget. Information from the ministry of finance shows that, every Tanzanian is currently spending five US Dollar a year to service foreign debts but spends only two US Dollars for his or her own health. A research from Dzodzi Tsikata from university of Ghana Legon, shows that SAP has much effect on women in Africa. SAP has exacerbated gender issue in, for example work places, wage differences between men and women are growing. For example in Tanzania and Nigeria, poor and middle class women are giving up formal employment for informal sector work because it pays more. SAP also due to its export promotion policy, has increased extractive activities such as logging and mining leading to deforestation and mining pollution and the reduction of ordinary people. These failure of SAP in Tanzania and Africa in general has posed critic from individuals and leaders like the late J. K. Nyerere the first president of Tanzania who tried to resist this program saying it was just for the Washington consensus. Another critic was made by the United Nations economic commission for Africa that SAPs are too narrow, rely mainly on fiscal and monetary instruments and have little relevance to long-term development goals. Another failure is seen in agricultural sector following the devaluation of Tanzanian shilling. For example in 1986, the rate was 192 shillings per dollar; this situation raised the price of imported inputs. This has resulted to poverty implication to the livelihood of farmers in the country. The removal of fertilizer subsidies had the effect of raising the price of fertilizers and therefore reducing profit. The removal of subsidies on maize meal is likely to have negatively affected urban consumers. However, under Structural Adjustment Programmes there was sound macroeconomic substantial growth in economy. The overall economic growth has been rising consistently from almost one percent in the mid 1980s to 6. 7 percent in 2004 (URT, 2005). A substantial improvement has been achieved due to adoption of various expenditure measures and processes including Public Expenditure Review (PER), Medium term Expenditure Framework (MTF) and Integrated Financial Management System (IFMS). Conclusively; Despite the setbacks, Tanzania has made tremendous progress on many fronts. However the remaining central challenge is making growth deliver more efficiently in terms of poverty reduction. The focus on this should be on accelerating growth of agriculture and rural sector development, to engender economic opportunities in rural areas where poverty remains pervasive. Equally important is the need to sustain robust growth, a necessary element to achieving the millennium development goals. Also since the inception of economic reforms in 1986, a promising number of Tanzania’s population has benefited from gradual poverty reduction. Understanding of the issues by wider segment of society through debates and participatory approaches engenders broad ownership of the reforms. The government should insist on the various homegrown programs to ensure sustainability and credibility to citizens as they will feel accountable and responsible for their development. BIBLIOGRAPHY: Bidyut Chakrabary and Mohit Battacharya(2003); Public Administration: A Reader; Oxford University Press. David Reed (1992); Structural adjustment and the environment. Economist Intelligence Unit (1995). Tanzania and the Comoros Gibbon, Peter and P. Raikes (1995). Structural Adjustment in Tanzania, 1986-1994. Center for Development Research: Copenhagen. Joe L. P. Lugalla; Online Journal for African Studies; University of New Hampshire; Available at www. africa. ufl. edu ; Sited on 16/12/2011. J. K. Nyerere (1973); Freedom and Development; Dar Es Salaam; Tanzania Printers. L. A. Msambichaka and A. Naho (1995). â€Å"Agricultural Sector Performance Under SAP in Tanzania: Promising or Frustrating Situation? in Beyond Structural Adjustment Programmes in Tanzania: Successes, Failures and New Perspectives. M. Bagachwa, F. Shechambo, H. Sosovele, K. Kulindwa, A. Naho and E. Cromwell (1995). Structural Adjustment and Sustainable Development in Tanzania. World Wildlife Fund and Economic Research Bureau: University of Dar es Salaam. Moshi, H. P. B. (1995). â€Å"Reforms and Economic Performance†. Paper presented at the World Bank Conference â€Å"So cio-Economic Growth and Poverty Alleviation in Tanzania†, Arusha May 14-20 1995. Mshana, Rogate (1996). Structural Adjustment and Food Security in Tanzania†. Paper presented at the Danida Food Security Workshop, Arusha, 18-19 November 1996. Richard E. Stren ; Ujamaa Vijijini and Bureaucracy in Tanzania; Canadian Association of African Studies. Tom Young (2003); In-African Politics; Indiana University Press. United Republic Of Tanzania (2002); Country Overview; Available at www. novelguide. com; Sited on 15/12/2011. Whirled Bank Group (2003); Structural Adjustment Programme; Available at www. whirledbank. org/development/sap. html; Sited on 16/12/2011. .